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World Reference Databases

Y Chromosome Databases (used with male tests)

• Y-STR Haplotype Reference Database (Berlin): http://www.yhrd.org/index.html. Anonymous entries.
• Ysearch: http://www.ysearch.org. Named entries, not all contactable.
• Relative Genetics: http://www.relativegenetics.com. Searchable by surname only.
• DNA Heritage’s Ybase, Genealogy by the Numbers: http://www.ybase.org/default.asp. Easiest to use but not most complete. Named entries.
• Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation: http://www.smgf.org. Some confusing nomenclature issues compared to lab standards elsewhere. Be sure to check differences.
• African Ancestry: http://www.africanancestry.com/ Requires purchase and membership.

Mitochondrial Databases (used with female tests)

• Concordance of Nucleotide Substitutions in the Human mtDNA Control Region (Cambridge Database): http://www.bioanth.cam.ac.uk/mtDNA/toc.html. Although said to be outdated, still easier to use and more informative than the FBI database (below).
• Mitosearch. A free public service from Family Tree DNA: http://www.mitosearch.org
• MITOMAP. A human mitochondrial genome database: http://www.mitomap.org Good for linkage disequilibrium. No individual entries, just studies.
• Kerchner's Mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) Test Results Log (BLOG): http://www.kerchner.com/cgi-kerchner/mtdna.cgi. Not really a database, rather a bulletin board. Hard to use.
• The mtDNA Population Database: An Integrated Software and Database Resource for Forensic Comparison (FBI): http://www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/fsc/backissu/april2002/miller1.htm. Must be downloaded and installed. Confusing defaults and set-up controls. Anonymous entries.

Other (used with DNA Fingerprint Test)

OmniPop 150.6. Population Matching Macro-Enhanced Spreadsheet, developed by Brian Burritt. 170 populations with matching incidences of high frequencies for CODIS markers.

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